Portugal
Portugal the western most contry in continental Europe and is comprised of an area of
89.106 km2 (20% of the Iberian Peninsula). The maximum length is 561 km
(from Melgaço to Cabo de Santa Maria) and its maximum width is 218 km
(from Ribeira de Castro to Cabo da Roca). It borders Spain on a total of 1.215
km.
The early history of Portugal is shared with the rest of the Iberian Peninsula. The name of Portugal derives from the Roman name Portus Cale. The region was settled by Pre-Celts and Celts, giving origin to peoples, visited by Phoenicians and Carthaginians, incorporated in the Roman dominions as Lusitania.
During the Reconquista period, Christians reconquered the Iberian Peninsula from the Muslim and Moorish domination. In 868, the First County of Portugal was formed.
The most common vegetation found are of Atlantic origin, mainly representing Pine trees – near the littoral, Oak trees – on the uplands of the interior, Eucalypt – on the central area of the country and Chestnut trees – on the uplands of the interior.
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